System of distribution.



No. 777,866. PATENTED DEC. 20, 1904. J. B. TAYLOR.

SYSTEM OF DISTRIBUTION.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 21, 1904.

5370 MODEL.

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Patented December 20, 1904:.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEIoE.

JOHN B. TAYLOR, OF SCHENECTADY,

ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL SYSTEM OF DISTRIBUTION,

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 777,866, da ed December 20, 1904, Application filed May 21,1904. Serial No. 208.998.

To all whom it, may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN B. TAYLOR, a citi zen of the United States, residing at Schenectady, county of Schenectady, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Systems of Distribution, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to electrical distributing systems; and its object is to provide means for seetionalizing a distribution system so that an accident to one portion of the system will not interfere with the operation of remaining portions and at the same time to render it possible to utilize all the conduc- 5 tors of the system in the most eiiicient manner. Where a distribution system is divided into sections which are not connected to each other, the most economical use of the conductors is not obtained, since some sections of the system may be carrying heavy loads while other sections are carrying light loads. If, however, all the sections are permanently tied together in order to enable the lightlyloaded sections to help out those that are 2 5 heavily loaded, an accident to one section will interrupt the operation of the entire system.

By my invention 1 provide automatic means connecting the several sections of a distribution system to each other as long as the see- 3 tions are in a healthy condition and for automatically disconnecting a faulty section from the health; sections.

My invention will best be understood by a consideration of its application to certain examples of distributing systems, which are described in the following specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 shows diagrammatically my in- 4 vention applied to the cross-connecting of the two third rails of a double-track road. Fig. 2 shows diagrammatically an arrangement embodying my invention applied to the inter connection of two sections of a third rail supplied from separate generating-stations, and

Fig. 3 shows diagrammatically an arrangement embodying my invention applied to a plurality of feeders from separate stations for supplying a common conductor.

In Fig. 1, R and R represent the rails of a 5 double-track road. T and T reprepresent the third rails for the two tracks. G represents a generator at the power-station having one terminal earthed and the other terminal connected to third rail T through switch s and to 5 5 third rail T through switch It is evident that if the two third rails are not cross-connected the conducting material of the rails will not be utilized to the best advantage, since while one rail is heavily loaded the other may be lightly loaded, whereas if the load could be equally distributed between the rails at all times less energy would be wasted. On the other hand, if the rails were permanently crosseonnected an accident to one rail would shut 5 down both tracks. To obtain the maximum economy in the use of the conductingmaterial of the rails and at the same time to avoid shutting down the whole system when an accident occurs to one rail, I provide the two contactors C and C,which have one terminal connected to the third rails T and T, respectively, and the other terminal earthcd. Vith this arrangement it will be seen that when third rail T is energized from the power-station the con- 7 5 tactor C will be energized and will raise its core, thereby connecting third rail T to the common conductor 0. In the same way when third rail T is energized contactor C will connect the third rail to the conductor 0, thereby 8o completing the cross-connection between the two rails. This cross-connection will be maintained as long as the rails are in normal condition. hen either rail becomes grounded or short-circuited, the circuit-breaker at the 8 5 power-station will open the circuit of both rails. Both contactors will consequently allow their cores to drop, disconnecting the two rails. The attendant at the power-station can then supply current to the healthy rail, and 0 since the contactor connected to the faulty rail will not be energized no cross-connection will exist between the two rails. It is evident that as many cross-connections may be employed as desired in order to obtain the maximum economy of the conducting material in the rails.

Fig. 2 shows another example of a distrib uting system to which my invention is applicable. G and G represent two substations supplying power to two adjacent sections 25 and t of a third rail. If the two sections a" and t are permanently tied together, an accident to one section would shut down the entire line between the two stations, while if no connection exists between the two sections the conducting material will not be utilized to its best advantage. By employing the two contactors G and C, however, most economical use may be made of the conducting material, while at the same time either section may be operated if an accident occurs to the other. The operation of the contactors is the same as already described.

Fig. 3 shows another example of the distributing to which my invention is applicable.

In Fig. 3 I have shown the two generatingstations G and G supplying the common conductor A through two sets of feeders f to f and f to f and through the contactors C to C. A contactor is inserted between each feeder and the common conductor, so that as each feeder is energized from its power-station its contactor will automatically connect it to the common conductor. WVhen the circuit of any feeder is opened, it is automatically disconnected from the common conductor, so that an accident to one or more feeders will not interfere with the proper supply of current from the remaining feeders.

Although I have shown only three examples of distributing systems, my invention is applicable to many other types of systems and may be employed advantageously wherever it is desired to sectionalize a system and yet maintain maximum economy in conductors. I have shown diagrammatically a simple form of automatic switch, which I have called a contactor. One construction that may be used for such a switch is illustrated in patent to F. E. Case, No. 716,189, granted December 16, 1902; but evidently any suitable form of automatic switch may be used for this purpose. The arrangements that I have shown permit of many modifications, and I aim in the appended claims to cover all such modifications which do not depart from the spirit and scope of my invention.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. In an electrical system of distribution, sections separately connected to the source or sources, and automatic switches adapted and arranged to connect said sections to each other when said sections are energized.

2. In an electrical system of distribution, sections separately connected to the source or sources, magnet-windings connected to the several sections, and switch-contacts controlled by said magnet-windings and arranged to connect said sections to each other when said sections are energized.

3. In an electrical system of distribution, in combination with two sections separately connected to the source or sources, magnetwindings each connected to one of said sections, switch-contacts controlled by said windings, and a circuit from one section to the other including both sets of contacts in series.

1. In an electrical system of distribution,

sections separately connected to the source or sources, a circuit from one section to another including two switches in series, and two magnetwvindings, each connected to one of said. sections so as to be energized when the section is energized and each adapted when energized to close one of said switches.

In witness whereof I have hereunto hand this 20th day of May, 190%.

JOHN B. TAYLOR.

set my Witnesses:

BENJAMIN B. HULL, HELEN ORFORD. 

